Attempts at prolonging the conservation were made by adding a variety of ingredients, many unappetizing, such as chalk, perfume, and seawater. Thankfully, one popular
addition was honey, which slowed the degradation process and created a beverage called Mulsum.
Women were forbidden from wine. It is said that husbands would kiss their wives on the mouth, and would consequently beat them if they tasted wine on
their ladies’ lips. Wine was also prohibited to men under thirty, and the plebeians who could not afford the high cost.
The expansion of the Roman Empire around the 3rd century BC brought power, wealth and an increase in demand for quality, affordable wines. Soon Rome was
producing enough vino to satiate a population of one million with a half-liter per day, per person. This included, finally, women, children and even slaves.
Wine became integrated into daily life, often beginning right at breakfast with bread dipped in wine. It was in this period that a considerable amount of literature
was produced on viniculture and the Romans began a tradition of excellence in winemaking that would continue to this day.